Ransomware Attacks: Why Traditional Backups Aren’t Enough

Ransomware continues to cripple organizations by encrypting files across networks, locking out users, and demanding payments in cryptocurrency. These attacks don’t just target desktops—they move laterally, infecting servers, network shares, and connected backup systems. The result? No access to your data and no way to recover unless a ransom is paid.

The Backup Problem No One Talks About

Most businesses assume they’re safe because they have backups. But ransomware isn’t dumb—it actively searches for and encrypts connected backup drives, network-attached storage (NAS), and even cloud backup services if they’re always online. That’s where Air Gapped Backup comes in. It's stored separately and disconnected from the production environment, making it unreachable for malware, even during a full-scale attack.

What Makes an Air Gapped Backup Effective?

Physically or Logically Isolated

There are two types of isolation: physical and logical. Physical isolation means storing data on devices that are completely offline (like tape drives or unplugged hard disks). Logical isolation uses software-defined methods to restrict access via network segmentation, firewalls, or access controls.

Immutable Storage

Some solutions add immutability, meaning backup files can't be altered or deleted for a set period. Even if a hacker gains admin access, they can’t erase or corrupt the backup data during its lock window. This adds a layer of protection beyond simple isolation.

Technology That Supports Isolation

Object Storage with Write-Once Policies

Modern object storage systems often support WORM (Write Once, Read Many) capabilities. These settings lock data at the software level, preventing any changes after it's written. Paired with access control policies, these systems make ideal targets for secure backups.

Offline Repositories

Some organizations use removable storage, like external drives or tapes, and keep them completely offline. Others use cloud-based vaults that require multiple layers of authentication and manual procedures to access. These options minimize the attack surface.

Network Segmentation and Airlock Zones

Airlock zones use network segmentation, firewall rules, and timed access windows to keep backup repositories isolated. Admins only open the zone for scheduled backup jobs and immediately re-isolate the environment afterward. This limits exposure and prevents Unauthorized Access.

Speed Matters in Recovery

Having an isolated backup is step one. Step two is fast recovery. Some solutions allow administrators to mount backups directly from the isolated storage, reducing downtime. Others integrate caching layers or use intelligent-tiering to prioritize critical data for faster access during recovery.

Preventing Re-Infection After Recovery

After restoring from a backup, you also need to ensure the malware isn’t still hiding in the environment. Advanced solutions offer malware scanning and behavioral analysis during backup and recovery, ensuring only clean data is restored to production.

Conclusion

Ransomware isn’t going away, and relying on connected backups is a gamble. Isolated, immutable backups give you a reliable way to bounce back without paying hackers. The key is using backup technologies that support secure storage, limited access, and fast recovery when it counts.

FAQs

Q1: Can ransomware still affect an Air Gapped Backup if it’s connected during a scheduled backup?

Yes, but only if the malware is already in the environment and the connection isn't tightly controlled. This is why time-limited access windows and automatic disconnection after backup jobs are essential.

Q2: How often should I test restoring from an isolated backup system?

At least quarterly. Regular testing ensures the backup works, verifies integrity, and trains staff for real-world recovery scenarios.